—John, I didn’t ask for the dictionary. Why _______ on my desk?—Oh, I put it there just now in case you needed while writing your composition.

Ever since the financial crisis ________, many workers _______from their jobs.

He could speak English fluently because he __________ it for four years when he was a college student.    

．Although it         in the desert most of the year, people still live there．

Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting_______at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.