副词how用法详解

 

1. 在某些动词(如show, discover, see, explain, find out等)之后不宜直接跟不定式,但可跟疑问词+不定式,在这类结构中,不要忘记必要的 how(因为 how 在汉语中往往译不出)。如:

你能说明一下蛋糕的作法吗?

误:Can you explain to make a cake?

正:Can you explain how to make a cake?

2. 通常不能用作关系副词,所以不能引导定语从句:

那就是他跟他父母说话的样子。

误:That’s the way how he speaks to his parents.

正:That’s how he speaks to his parents.

That’s the way (that) he speaks to his parents.

That’s the way (in which) he speaks to his parents.

3. how farhow long用法不同:前者用来问距离的远近,而后者用来问时间的长短或物体的长度。如:

How far did you drive today? 今天你开车开了多远?

How long shall we stay there? 我们在那儿要待多久?

How long is this pool? 这个水塘有多长?

4. how manyhow much用法不同:两者均表示多少how many之后接可数名词复数,而how much之后接不可数名词或不接词。如:

How many tenses are there in English? 英语有多少种时态?

How much baggage do you have? 你有多少行李?

How much is four times five? 4乘以5等于多少?

另外,how much 还可用来询问价钱:How much is the coat? 这件上衣多少钱?

5. 比较how long, how often, how soon

(1) how long指多长时间,用来对一段时间(如two days, four weeks等)提问。如

AHow long did he live here? 他在这儿住了多久?

BAbout five years. 大约5年。

(2) how often指每隔多久,用来对频度副词或状语(如once a week, three times a month等)提问。如:

AHow often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?

BOnce a month. 每月一次。

(3) how soon指再过多久,用来对表示将来的一段时间提问(如in an hour, in two weeks等)提问。如:

AHow soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?

BIn an hour. 1个小时以后。