21. Listen! Do you hear someone ________ for help? (2010湖南卷)
A. calling B. call C. to call D. called
【答案】A。
【考点】考查非谓语动词的用法。
【解析】考查hear sb doing sth(听见某人在做某事)句式。注意,不能选B,因为hear sb do sth(听见某人做了某事)与句首的listen(该词表明动作正在进行)相悖。又如:I can hear someone knocking. 我好像听见有人在敲门。We heard them talking and laughing in the room. 我们听见他们在屋里说笑。
22. Father ________ goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there. (2010湖南卷)
A. hardly B. seldom C. sometimes D. never
【答案】C。
【考点】考查在特定语境中频度副词的用法。
【解析】对于考查特定语境中词语用法的考题,最好的方法是代入翻译法,即将四个选项分别代入句中再翻译原句,哪个选项使原句最通顺,哪个选项就是最佳答案。比较四个选项,只有sometimes填入句中意思最通顺。句意为:虽然父亲不喜欢去体育馆,但他有时还是我们一起去。又如:When he had no money, the farmer sometimes used to pay me in kind. 那个农民没有现款时,有时候给我些东西抵账。
23. You ________ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. (2010湖南卷)
A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to
【答案】D。
【考点】考查情态动词的用法。
【解析】根据句中的but you can if you want to(但是如果你想买的话也可以买)可知,“买礼物”不是“必须的”,故选don’t have to(不必)。又如:I don’t have to go to the office on Sundays. 星期日我不必去办公室上班。
24. This coastal area ________ a national wildlife reserve last year. (2010湖南卷)
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
【答案】A。
【考点】考查动词的时态与语态。
【解析】由于this coastal area与name之间为被动关系,故可将答案锁定在A和C之间,再根据句中的last year可知,应选A。又如:She was named after her mother. 她是以她母亲的名字命名的。
25. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ________ has made him what he is today. (2010湖南卷)
A. why B. when C. which D. that
【答案】D。
【考点】考查强调句型。
【解析】考查强调句型it is…that…的用法。句意为:约翰的成功与好的运气没有关系,是多年的努力工作才使他变成今天这个样子(成就了今天的事业)。注:判断一个句子是否是强调句型,可考虑将结构词it is…that…去掉,若句子仍完整、通顺,则为强调句,否则便不是。又如:It was not greed but ambition that drove him to crime. 驱使他犯罪的并非贪婪而是野心。
26. Dina, ________ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (2010湖南卷)
A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle
【答案】C。
【考点】考查非谓语动词的用法。
【解析】根据句意可知,struggle for months to find a job…在take a position at…之前,故要用现在分词的完成式,即选C。又如:Having compared the new dictionary with [to, and] the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 将新旧词典比较之后,他发现新词典更有用。
27. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ________ it. Was it you? (2010湖南卷)
A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do
【答案】B。
【考点】考查动词时态的用法。
【解析】根据句意可知,“有人给玫瑰剪枝”发生在“我去给玫瑰剪枝”之前,而“我去给玫瑰剪枝”用的是I was just going to cut my rose…这样的过去时态,故“有人给玫瑰剪枝”发生在这一过去时间之前,也就是“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
28. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year. (2010湖南卷)
A. who B. where C. when D. which
【答案】A(http://www.yygrammar.com/)。
【考点】考查定语从句的用法。
【解析】who在此引导定语从句,用以修饰先行词students。由于先行词指人,故要用关系代词who,不用which。句意为:我与几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的本校同学成了好朋友。
29. If he ________ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. (2010湖南卷)
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
【答案】C。
【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。
【解析】根据句中的he wouldn’t have lost his job的时态形式可知,句子是对过去情况作假设,故选had followed。又如:If I hadn’t stopped her, she would have jumped down. 要不是我阻止了她,她就跳下去了。
30. So far nobody has claimed the money ________ in the library. (2010湖南卷)
A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered
【答案】A。
【考点】考查非谓语动词的用法。
【解析】由于money与discover之间为被动关系,故可将答案锁定在A和B之间;再根据句意可知,钱“已经”被发现,而不是“将要”被发现,故选A不选B。
31. I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. (2010湖南卷)
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
【答案】B。
【考点】考查动词时态的用法。
【解析】根据句中的walked, studied, bought等可知,句子是在谈论过去的情况,故可排除A和D。再根据句意,联系“慢慢走过集市”“仔细研究价格”“买下需要的东西”等信息,说明当时人们是“正在”卖水果和蔬菜,故用过去进行时。
32. Tim is in good shape physically ________ he doesn’t get much exercise. (2010湖南卷)
A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as
【答案】B。
【考点】考查状语从句的用法。
【解析】比较空格前后两句的意思,前面说“体形很好”,后面说“锻炼不多”,显然前后意思不一致,故应选even though(虽然)来协调两者的关系。句意为:提姆虽然锻炼不多,但他体形很好。又如:She never took a taxi, even though she could afford to. 尽管她坐得起出租车,但她从未坐过。
33. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. (2010湖南卷)
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【答案】C。
【考点】考查主谓一致。
【解析】由于句子的主语是Listening to loud music at rock concerts这一动名词短语,而不是该短语中的介词宾语rock concerts,故谓语要用单数,而不是用复数,即可排除B和D;又因为cause后面跟有宾语,说明它不能用被动语态,故选C不选A。
34. I’m tired out. I ________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything. (2010湖南卷)
A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping
【答案】D。
【考点】考查动词时态。
【解析】根据句中的am和don’t seem可知,句子谈的是现在的情况,故可排除过去时态A和C;又因为“很累”是因为“整个下午一直在购物”导致的,故用选D在意思上更与语境吻合。
35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ________ she was so angry. (2010湖南卷)
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
【答案】D(http://ask.yygrammar.com/)。
【考点】考查宾语从句引导词的用法。
【解析】比较四个选项,只有填why句意最通顺。又如:I don’t know why, but I took a strong dislike to him as soon as I saw him. 也不知为什么,我一见到他就十分讨厌他。I don’t know why you waste your time on such trifles. 我不明白你为何在这一类鸡毛蒜皮的小事上浪费时间。